Physics: She did it all

Did she mean to do it? Acquiring a folk theory of intentionality.

The ability to both identify and explain others' intentional acts is fundamental for successful social interaction. In two cross-sectional studies, we investigated 3- to 9-year-olds' (n=148) understanding of the folk concept of intentionality, using three types of intentionality measures. The relationship between this type of reasoning and false belief and interpretive mind understanding was al...

Glioma Development: Where Did It All Go Wrong?

Investigating the family tree of a tumor to identify its cellular origins is a daunting task. Liu et al. (2011) now use an elegant lineage tracing technique (MADM) to visualize glioma from its earliest stages. They show that mutations originally induced in neural stem cells lie dormant and only trigger malignant transformation following differentiation into oligodendrocyte precursor cells.

The Hippi did it

and colleagues have identified a protein called Hippi as one possible mediator of Huntington disease (HD) neuronal cell death. HD begins with expansion of the polyglutamine repeats in the huntingtin protein (Htt). This frees up Hip1 protein, which normally binds to Htt. Free Hip1 can then bind to the Hippi protein identified by Nicholson, and the two proteins join in a complex with procaspase 8...

It shouldn't have happened, but it did.

The early years of on-line HDF: how did it all start? How did we get here?

In the mid-1980s, limits and side effects of contemporary hemodialysis were basically due to short treatment time, use of low-flux membranes and employment of acetate-buffered dialysate. These were already associated with a relatively high morbidity and cardiovascular mortality as part of diaysis-related pathology. Based on these considerations, the concept of on-line hemodiafiltration (HDF) wa...